social identity survey questions

Conservative Christians are far more likely to say it has become more difficult to be Christian in recent years, while most liberal Christians disagree. [5] In 2004, only 18 percent of the public reported having a close social connection to someone who is religiously unaffiliated. Overall, more than half (53 percent) of Americans report they believe in God without any doubts at all. Social relations derived from individual agency form the basis of social structure and the basic object for analysis by social scientists. Notably, white evangelical Protestants and Catholics express nearly identical opinions regardless of the composition of their social network. Only about one in eight Hispanic Catholics (15 percent), members of non-Christian religions (13 percent), and unaffiliated Americans (13 percent) share this view. The question of whether the US should have an essential culture divides Americans by race and religious affiliation. Conversely, atheists stand out for their belief that the US has never been a Christian country; 41 percent express this view. For instance, close to half (43 percent) of white evangelical Protestants who attend services at least once a week say they feel like a member of a religious minority group, compared to 21 percent of white evangelical Protestants who attend services a few times a year or less often. Religious doubts are also more common among white evangelical Protestants with close personal contacts with people who are unaffiliated. Americans are divided over the type of country the US should be: a country with an essential culture and values system or one that evolves as new people arrive. It was not possible to identify evangelical and mainline Protestants in the 1976 General Social Survey. [11] Pew Research Center, Religion and Public Life, “U.S. A similar pattern is evident among white mainline Protestants. In contrast, no more than one in four black Protestants (23 percent), Catholics (19 percent), and white mainline Protestants (16 percent) say they are a religious minority. Americans with homogeneous social networks are much more likely to attend religious services regularly. Despite evidence of self-sorting by religious affiliation, there is significant diversity among Americans’ religious networks, but this varies considerably across traditions. Only 18 percent of Americans who have a diverse religious social circle say they were encouraged to attend a religious service in the past month, while roughly one-third (32 percent) of those whose religious networks are uniform report receiving such an invitation. White evangelical Protestants are unique among Christians in believing it is more difficult to be a Christian in the US today. Religious Americans who have a close contact who is unaffiliated express much less certainty in their belief in God. And Americans who identify with a particular religious tradition do not have larger social networks than those who are unaffiliated do. The Disappearing Social Benefit of Religious Participation? It also challenges the “shy Trump voter” hypothesis, offering possible explanations for Trump’s increased support among non-white voters. The temporary closure of businesses, the increase in remote working and introduction of social distancing are having an impact on collecting survey data from households and businesses. This document provides a comprehensive reference to the information available from the General Social Survey (GSS). Religious Americans whose close social contacts reflect their own religious affiliation express much more interest in retaining their traditional beliefs and practices than those with more diverse religious networks do.

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